For a long time, gardeners independently grow not only seedlings of flowers, but also seedlings of berry crops.
Cutting grapes is one of the effective ways of propagating this crop.
To grow healthy seedlings is not difficult, since grapes are unpretentious plants, grows quickly and tolerates pruning and cuttings well. What methods of propagation of cuttings exist, how to correctly propagate grapes - these are the main questions that will be answered in this article.
Propagation of grapes: how to conduct at home
In gardening, several methods of propagation of the “sun berry” are used, but not all are used at home.
• Seed propagation. This method is mainly used only for breeding purposes, when a new variety with different qualities is bred. In home gardening, the application of this method is not justified, since the seedlings obtained do not repeat all the parental qualities, i.e. the berries will differ in taste, color and other parameters. The fruiting of such seedlings is delayed.
• Cutting grapes. This method is considered the most common and effective. The young plant repeats all parental qualities. The fruits have the same color, taste and smell. For home gardening, this is the fastest way to get a fruiting bush.
Propagation of grapes with green cuttings + photo
How to properly prepare cuttings for planting, where and how to plant? For further rooting, use the green parts of the plant that remain after breaking off the shoots.
It is necessary to carry out the process of grafting the grapes with green cuttings in spring or at the very beginning of summer. It is best to choose a cloudy day or evening. Cuttings are suitable for rooting, which are cut from the lower or middle part of the shoot. Apical cuttings are not used for rooting, since there is a high probability of their decay.
Each stalk must have at least two sheets. Moreover, the bottom sheet must be completely removed, and at the top cut off only half of the plate. The lower cut is made oblique at an angle of 45 degrees, but the upper one is left straight. The distance from the upper kidney to the end of the shoot should be at least 1.5 cm.
Cuttings are cut, put in a bucket, sprayed and left until morning. To prevent planting material from drying out, cover it with a damp cloth.
How to root grapes
Propagation of grapes is carried out in special boxes or containers. If there are too many cuttings, it is best to prepare a small greenhouse.
Rooting is carried out in fertile soil. To do this, make holes in the prepared container to drain excess fluid, fill the bottom with fertile soil, the thickness of which does not exceed 10-15 cm. Well washed river sand is poured over the soil, with a layer of up to 5 cm.
The prepared soil is well watered so that the soil is completely saturated. Next, the cuttings are planted.
Planting scheme of green grape cuttings
The whole further process depends on the proper planting of the handle, so you need to take this seriously. The depth of planting the cuttings should be at least 3-5 cm, and the distance between the seedlings can withstand up to 10 cm from each other. Seated shoots are well sprayed with water, covered with a film. Further rooting takes place in the greenhouse.
How to care for cuttings
After planting, cuttings need care. For good rooting, they need a humid climate, which can be achieved by regular spraying. It is carried out 4-5 times a day. To do this, use only warm water, the temperature of which is 20-25 degrees.
After 10-12 days, the buds of future roots appear at the bottom of each stalk, so the frequency of spraying can be reduced. Further, plantings are sprayed up to 3 times a day.
It takes about 1.5 months to root the cuttings. At this point, the root system is fully formed, you can begin to harden the seedlings. To do this, you need to leave the greenhouse open for 10-15 minutes in the evening. Gradually increase the time, and then open the greenhouse completely. Further, seedlings can be planted in a permanent place, where they are cared for as usual.
Propagation of grapes with lignified cuttings, process photo
Among gardeners, propagation of grapes by lignified cuttings is practiced. How to conduct it and what to consider when rooting? Cutting lignified shoots has its secrets.
How to prepare cuttings
The most optimal period for harvesting planting material is autumn. Cuttings are cut from the middle of the fruit arrow or shoot, which was cut into a knot of substitution. Curved and damaged cuttings are not used for further work; you cannot get a good seedling from them.
To easily identify the bottom of the handle from the top, the slice is made oblique, slightly incising the bark. Each stalk must have at least 4 buds, all leaves and mustaches are removed from it. Further, all prepared cuttings need to be sorted by grade and processed before storage. To do this, they are soaked for 24 hours in water, after which they are etched in a solution of copper sulfate. After processing, the cuttings are dried, tied into bundles and cleaned into the basement. At the storage stage, the room temperature should be no more than +5 degrees. Storage of cuttings continues throughout the winter.
Planting lignified grape cuttings
In spring, planting material is sorted out, bad cuttings are removed and planting is carried out. Experienced gardeners are advised to pre-check the cuttings for germination. To do this, they are planted in plastic containers, disposable glasses, cut-off bottles, etc. are suitable. This procedure will help to identify dried and rotted cuttings, planting of which in the ground will not bear fruit.
At the bottom of each tank, a hole is made for liquid drainage and filled with fertile soil mixed with sand and humus. Cuttings are planted, deepening them by 3 cm. Further care of the seedlings consists of regular watering and spraying. It is carried out once every two days. After a few weeks, white roots of the seedling can be seen on the walls of the glass, and 2-3 leaves will appear on the handle. This suggests that you can proceed to a further transplant.
Planting cuttings in a permanent place is better after 2.5-3 weeks after germination, when the root system is fully formed.
How to plant grapes in the garden
Regardless of what kind of grapes will be grown on the site, planting grapes is a responsible matter. First of all, you need to properly prepare the landing pit. Each gardener has his own rules, and how of them are true is unknown. But there is a universal way of planting a vine, which is successfully used even by beginners.
The landing site should be well lit. Dig a hole 75 cm deep and 60 cm wide. This is due to the structure of the root system of grapes. It is better to prepare the landing pit in advance, in the fall.
Important! In regions with cold winters, grapes are planted deeper than usual. To do this, dig a hole up to 1 meter deep. This will allow seedlings to take root faster and not die in the winter.
How to propagate grapes and spend a little? Cutting allows you to get a large amount of planting material in a short time. At the same time, crops from bushes can be harvested already in the third year of cultivation.
